Transcription Factors

IGF2BP3 (Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3) is an RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation and stability. IGF2BP3 binds to the 5'-UTR of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA, and binds to sequences in the 3'-UTR of CD44 mRNA.

SMAD6 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 6) protein is an antagonist of signaling by TGF-beta type 1 receptor superfamily members. It has been shown to inhibit selectively BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) signaling by competing with the co-SMAD SMAD4 for receptor-activated SMAD1. SMAD6 is an inhibitory SMAD (I-SMAD) or antagonistic SMAD. Binds to regulatory elements in target promoter regions. SMAD6 is ubiquitous in various organs, with higher levels in lung. Isoform B is up-regulated in diseased heart tissue.

THAP11 (THAP domain-containing protein 11) contains a THAP domain, which is a conserved DNA-binding domain that has striking similarity to the site-specific DNA-binding domain (DBD) of Drosophila P element transposases.

ZBTB16 (Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16) is a zinc finger transcription factor. It is a member of the Krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family, containing nine Kruppel-type zinc finger domains at the carboxyl terminus. This protein is located in the nucleus, is involved in cell cycle progression and interacts with a histone deacetylase. Specific instances of aberrant gene rearrangement at this locus have been associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Alternate transcriptional splice variants have been characterized.

STAT5 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A) carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. STAT5 is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to IL-2, IL-3, IL-7, IL-15, GM-CSF, growth hormone, prolactin, erythropoietin and thrombopoietin. Phosphorylation results in translocation into the nucleus, where it binds to the GAS element and activates transcription. Tyrosine phosphorylation is required for DNA-binding activity and dimerization. Serine phosphorylation is also required for maximal transcriptional activity.